Polyethylene terephthalate (sometimes written poly(ethylene terephthalate)), commonly abbreviated PET, PETE, or the obsolete PETP or PET-P), is a thermoplastic Thermoplastics are elastic and flexible above a glass transition temperature Tg, specific for each one—the midpoint of a temperature range in contrast to the sharp melting point of a pure crystalline substance like water. Below a second, higher melting temperature, Tm, also the midpoint of a range, most thermoplastics have crystalline regions polymer A polymer is a large molecule composed of repeating structural units typically connected by covalent chemical bonds. While polymer in popular usage suggests plastic, the term actually refers to a large class of natural and synthetic materials with a variety of properties resin of the polyester Polyester is a category of polymers which contain the ester functional group in their main chain. Although there are many polyesters, the term "polyester" as a specific material most commonly refers to polyethylene terephthalate . Polyesters include naturally-occurring chemicals, such as in the cutin of plant cuticles, as well as family and is used in synthetic fibers Synthetic fibers are the result of extensive research by scientists to improve upon naturally occurring animal and plant fibers. In general, synthetic fibers are created by forcing, usually through extrusion, fiber forming materials through holes into the air, forming a thread. Before synthetic fibers were developed, artificially manufactured; beverage, food and other liquid containers Packaging is the science, art and technology of enclosing or protecting products for distribution, storage, sale, and use. Packaging also refers to the process of design, evaluation, and production of packages. Packaging can be described as a coordinated system of preparing goods for transport, warehousing, logistics, sale, and end use. Packaging; thermoforming applications; and engineering resins often in combination with glass fiber.
Depending on its processing and thermal history, polyethylene terephthalate may exist both as an amorphous (transparent) and as a semi-crystalline A crystal or crystalline solid is a solid material, whose constituent atoms, molecules, or ions are arranged in an orderly repeating pattern extending in all three spatial dimensions. The scientific study of crystals and crystal formation is crystallography. The process of crystal formation via mechanisms of crystal growth is called material. The semicrystalline material might appear transparent (particle size < 500 nm) or opaque and white (particle size up to a few microns) depending on its crystal structure and particle size. Its monomer (bis-ß-hydroxyterephthalate) can be synthesized by the esterification Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials, and often have a characteristic pleasant, fruity odor. This leads to their extensive use in the fragrance and flavor industry. Ester bonds are also found in many reaction between terephthalic acid Terephthalic acid is the organic compound with formula C6H42. This colourless solid is a commodity chemical, used principally as a precursor to the polyester PET, used to make clothing and plastic bottles. Several billion kilograms are produced annually. It is one of three isomeric phthalic acids and ethylene glycol Ethylene glycol is an organic compound widely used as an automotive antifreeze and a precursor to polymers. In its pure form, it is an odorless, colorless, syrupy, sweet tasting liquid. However, ethylene glycol is toxic, and ingestion can result in death with water as a byproduct, or by transesterification In organic chemistry, transesterification is the process of exchanging the organic group R" of an ester with the organic group R' of an alcohol. These reactions are often catalyzed by the addition of an acid or base reaction between ethylene glycol Ethylene glycol is an organic compound widely used as an automotive antifreeze and a precursor to polymers. In its pure form, it is an odorless, colorless, syrupy, sweet tasting liquid. However, ethylene glycol is toxic, and ingestion can result in death and dimethyl terephthalate Dimethyl terephthalate is an ester of terephthalic acid and methanol and is used in the production of polyesters, including polyethylene terephthalate and polytrimethylene terephthalate. It consists of benzene with methyl ester groups attached in the para position, or to the first and fourth carbon atoms with methanol Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol, wood alcohol, wood naphtha or wood spirits, is a chemical with formula C as a byproduct. Polymerization is through a polycondensation Step-growth polymerization refers to a type of polymerization mechanism in which bi-functional or multifunctional monomers react to form first dimers, then trimers, longer oligomers and eventually long chain polymers. Many naturally occurring and some synthetic polymers are produced by step-growth polymerization, e.g. polyesters, polyamides, reaction of the monomers (done immediately after esterification/transesterification) with ethylene glycol as the byproduct (the ethylene glycol is directly recycled in production).
The majority of the world's PET production is for synthetic fibers (in excess of 60%) with bottle production accounting for around 30% of global demand. In discussing textile applications, PET is generally referred to as simply "polyester Polyester is a category of polymers which contain the ester functional group in their main chain. Although there are many polyesters, the term "polyester" as a specific material most commonly refers to polyethylene terephthalate . Polyesters include naturally-occurring chemicals, such as in the cutin of plant cuticles, as well as" while "PET" is used most often to refer to packaging applications.
Some of the trade names of PET products are Dacron, Diolen, Tergal, Terylene, and Trevira fibers Fiber, also spelled fibre, is a class of materials that are continuous filaments or are in discrete elongated pieces, similar to lengths of thread. They are very important in the biology of both plants and animals, for holding tissues together. Human uses for fibers are diverse. They can be spun into filaments, string or rope, used as a component,[1] Cleartuf, Eastman PET and Polyclear bottle resins, Hostaphan, Melinex, and Mylar films Biaxially-oriented polyethylene terephthalate is a polyester film made from stretched polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and is used for its high tensile strength, chemical and dimensional stability, transparency, reflectivity, gas and aroma barrier properties and electrical insulation, and Arnite, Ertalyte, Impet, Rynite and Valox injection molding Injection molding is a manufacturing process for producing parts from both thermoplastic and thermosetting plastic materials. Material is fed into a heated barrel, mixed, and forced into a mold cavity where it cools and hardens to the configuration of the mold cavity. After a product is designed, usually by an industrial designer or an engineer, resins. The polyester industry makes up about 18% of world polymer production and is third after polyethylene Polyethylene or polythene (IUPAC name polyethene or poly) is the most widely used plastic, with an annual production of approximately 80 million metric tons. Its primary use is within packaging (notably the plastic shopping bag) (PE) and polypropylene Polypropylene or polypropene is a thermoplastic polymer, made by the chemical industry and used in a wide variety of applications, including packaging, textiles (e.g. ropes, thermal underwear and carpets), stationery, plastic parts and reusable containers of various types, laboratory equipment, loudspeakers, automotive components, and polymer (PP).
Chemical structure of polyethylene terephthalate.PET consists of polymerized A polymer is a large molecule composed of repeating structural units typically connected by covalent chemical bonds. While polymer in popular usage suggests plastic, the term actually refers to a large class of natural and synthetic materials with a variety of properties units of the monomer ethylene Ethylene is the chemical compound with the formula C2H4. It is the simplest alkene. Because it contains a carbon-carbon double bond, ethylene is called an unsaturated hydrocarbon or an olefin. It is extremely important in industry and also has a role in biology as a hormone. Ethylene is the most produced organic compound in the world; global terephthalate Terephthalic acid is the organic compound with formula C6H42. This colourless solid is a commodity chemical, used principally as a precursor to the polyester PET, used to make clothing and plastic bottles. Several billion kilograms are produced annually. It is one of three isomeric phthalic acids, with repeating C10H8O4 units. PET is commonly recycled, and has the number "1" as its recycling symbol The SPI resin identification coding system is a set of symbols placed on plastics to identify the polymer type. It was developed by the Society of the Plastics Industry in 1988, and used internationally. The primary purpose of the codes is to allow efficient separation of different polymer types for recycling.
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Singapore, 22 October 2009 - With an increasingly active lifestyle across Asia, on the go beverages in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles is becoming ...
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What is PET Plastic Polyethylene Terephthalate PET is linear thermoplastic long chain molecule consists of repeating units white but bluish resin made from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol through poly condensation Plastic PET is very important raw material used
hu, 07 Jan 2010 10:00:00 GM
According to the researchers, dark chocolate was packaged in a . polyethylene terephthalate. //low density polyethylene (PET//LDPE), as well as a . polyethylene terephthalate. coated with SiOx//low density polyethylene (PET-SiOx//LDPE). ...
Q. I'm doing a chemistry project on polymer materials which could be used to make wind turbines for renewable energy. I have to pick one and explain why it would be best. My shortlist is 1) Kevlar 2) Polyethylene Terephthalate 3) PVC Which of these would you consider to have the best properties for a wind turbine? If you know of a better polymer which could be used feel free to make a suggestion! Thanks x I have researched it. The purpose of the project is to become familiar with polymer properties not actually come up with a wind turbine plan to save the world! As this is *imaginary* money is no object!
Asked by eljay - Sun Dec 14 06:25:41 2008 - - 2 Answers - 0 Comments
A. "Rotor Blade Materials Most modern rotor blades on large wind turbines are made of glass fibre reinforced plastics, (GRP), i.e. glass fibre reinforced polyester or epoxy.Using carbon fibre or aramid (Kevlar) as reinforcing material is another possibility, but usually such blades are uneconomic for large turbines.Wood, wood-epoxy, or wood-fibre-epoxy composites have not penetrated the market for rotor blades, although there is still development going on in this area. Steel and aluminium alloys have problems of weight and metal fatigue respectively. They are currently only used for very small wind turbines." so i would say kevlar.
Answered by Ja Ma - Sun Dec 14 06:38:22 2008
